Showing posts with label Nature of Planning Process. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Nature of Planning Process. Show all posts

Saturday, November 4, 2017

Nature of Planning Process



MODELS OF THE PLANNING PROCESS
1. The Foundational Model
As the name suggests, the Foundational Model focuses first on laying the foundations for
development planning and on developing an appropriate planning infrastructure, before addressing full-scale development planning per se. It is based on the premise that development planning operates more effectively when the fundamental purpose and values have been clarified so that they can serve as a frame of reference, and when the necessary enabling structures are in place.

2. The Early Action Planning Model
The Early Action Planning Model focuses first on the rapid identification of a small number of immediate priorities and the initiation of action planning to address them. It is based on the premise that the best way of promoting the acceptance and embedding of Development Planning is to ensure plenty of early action and achievement as positive reinforcement for the participants in the process. The early experience of success offers confirmation of the benefits of development planning. Thus, it serves to counteract any tendency to complain that .We talk and talk, but nothing ever happens and nothing ever changes.. It strengthens commitment to the process and provides an incentive for involvement in more complex planning procedures.

The model could comprise the following phases of activity:

Early Action Planning
Reflection
Elaborated Planning

3. The Three-Strand Concurrent Model
The Three-Strand Concurrent Model focuses on the issue of the planning time frame. It recognizes that development has a long-term, a medium-term and a short-term dimension. It is based on the premise that these three time dimensions must be addressed concurrently if they are to respond effectively to the needs of a dynamic environment. It proposes a framework of three interlinked but distinct strands of planning activity that enables schools to cope with the complexity and unpredictability of change.

The model comprises the following strands:

I. Futures Thinking to address the long-term dimension of school planning (5-15 years)
II. Strategic Intent and Strategic Planning to address the medium-term dimension
(3-5 years)
III. Operational Planning to address the short-term dimension (1-3 years)

Models of school development planning. Retrieved from http://www.sdpi.ie/guidelines/PDF/Unit02.pdf


IMPORTANCE OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN PLANNING
-       It leads to the interchange of information, ideas and support among the public, politicians and planners at all stages of the planning process, in order that a project may reflect public opinions and concerns
-       Information is supplied to the planners by the public regarding community goals, attitudes, values, preferences and priorities; in return the planners provide the public  with  greater knowledge and understanding of their environment and familiarize them with the technical planning and decision-making processes.


BARRIERS OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN PLANNING
- increased difficulty for citizens to communicate and to organize themselves
- issues tend to be much complicated and technical in nature
- refusal of authorities to give up or share any of their decisions making power
- resistance to sharing all the information and data concerning the issue at hand
(Citizens participation is more a political problem than a mechanical one)

Hulchanski, John David. 1974. Citizen participation in planning: a look at the Metropolitan transportation
plan. Retrieved from http://www.urbancentre.utoronto.ca/pdfs/researchassociates/Hulchanski_Cit-Particin-

Pl.pdf



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