Thursday, May 28, 2020

How COVID-19 will Affect the Future of Governance and Development?



Governance and development will be definitely reshaped by the new normal in social interaction which is basically a lifestyle of physical distancing or isolation. The Fourth Industrialization which is mark by technology-driven interactions will disrupt the traditional ways of face-to-face interactions.
The concepts of transparency, accountability and participation may now be measured thru the use of data analytics.
Definitely, there will be higher demand for efficiency, transparency and accountability at all levels as this pandemic made all realize the need for swifter and credible delivery of services while at the same time facing challenges to the economy.
Based on observation, the following are some policy reforms which may happen in the “new normal” :

International and Regional Level
     Strengthening of international cooperation among member-countries of the United Nation, World Health Organization, ASEAN, to name a few in terms of information and resources sharing and setting of standards to prevent or combat pandemics.
     Imposition of stiffer sanctions for countries who have irresponsibly handled outbreaks resulting to pandemic.

National and Local Level
     Capacity-building for frontline workers, inter-agency task forces and skeleton workforce from the national to the local level.
     Upgrading of qualifications for those who would like to enter public service.
     Institutionalization of alternative work arrangements policy which include four-day work week and telecommuting or work from home, among others.

     Policy reform to ensure that supply-chain is seamlessly operating amidst lockdowns/quarantines. (The current difficulty in the delivery of goods has led to price increases (based on my observation) and scarcity of food supply in some areas.)

     Strict enforcement of law against hoarding and overpricing.

     Setting-up of an effective communication system in every government level and offices for the public to have an access to legitimate information only. This is also a countermeasure against the proliferation of fake news especially in the social media.

     Re-examine the Local Government Code to harness local autonomy and maximize local resources.

     Strengthening of the Inter-Local Health Zones (ILHZ) and other areas of interlocal cooperation. In my observation, some LGUs have inactive ILHZs. This is important in improving referral system and in extending medical assistance especially to indigent patients.

     Strengthening of partnership with civil society organizations and the business sector.

     Mainstreaming of pandemic scenario in development plans

Politics
     Public health will definitely be a hot election issue come 2022. Hopefully, voters will take note of their current experiences and will vote for good leaders who have the capacity to address such huge health crisis.

How will development be measured in the future? 
Development will not only be measured on economic terms. Higher level of emphasis will be given to human development index which measures development in terms of a long and healthy life, being knowledgeable and have a decent standard of living (http://hdr.undp.org. All of which will depend on how countries manage and deliver basic services like health and education.
Country’ resiliency against pandemics in addition to natural disasters will now become of the standard of governance. Covid pandemic will definitely redefine the standards of service delivery. For example, our hospitals, classrooms, and public mode of transport will be re-planned to make it possible for everybody to observe physical distancing.

How will the new normal impact on development?
With isolation becoming a personal and a community lifestyle, economic and social development will suffer greatly. According to economists, recession is inevitable which will lead to higher prices and high unemployment rate.
Production areas like manufacturing factories which used to have a huge number of workers will be trimmed to ensure distancing. Advanced countries may opt to employ more robots as substitute to humans.
Lesser social interaction means the spirit of community cooperation will suffer. Social media will be a big help in terms of communication but it cannot replace face to face gathering in forging sense of community and belongingness. Social life is part of development especially if we are using Bhutan’s Gross National Happiness as a measure of development.
The new normal will definitely redefine the current model of development which is more concentrated on the development of urban areas or cities. There is now an effort for Balik Probinsya Program which intends to encourage people in the cities to go back to the provinces. Their families will be provided with livelihood opportunities to lure them to stay.
As I see it, the government both national and local will provide higher investment in health, water and sanitation as a way of strengthening resilience of the communities against Covid 19.
Using modern communication platform and other related technologies will now be more common. The use of the Internet in the delivery of services like health, education and other government transactions and in the delivery of good and services will now be the new normal. Open and distance education like UPOU will be offered by universities.


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